AIRCRAFT WEIGHT DEFINITIONS
Maximum Design Weights
This is the maximum permitted weight of the aircraft at which it may be moved, either using its engines or being pushed or towed by a tractor.
Maximum Design Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW)
This is the weight limit imposed to avoid undue stress on wing structure. The design strength of the wings limit the weight that may be loaded in the fuselage. The most critical bending load would occur, therefore , with no fuel in the wings and maximum weight in the fuselage.
Maximum Design Takeoff Weight (MTOW)
This is the maximum permitted weight at commencement of the takeoff run. The performance requirements laid down for takeoff are intended to ensure that a loaded aircraft will be able to follow a safe flight path out of an airfield. In designing the aircraft to meet those requirements, the maximum weight at takeoff is established for a specific set of atmospheric conditions and specific runway length, and the aircraft structure made strong enough to withstand loads which will be imposed at this weight.
Maximum Design Landing Weight (MLAW)
This is the maximum permitted weight at which the aircraft may land. The under-carriage is required to cushion the impact sufficiently at touch down so as to prevent excessive loads being transmitted into the aircraft structure.
Operational Weights
The maximum design weights of the aircraft would be limited by Operator for operational safety. Normally, the weights are limited due to following reasons:
As a result, the allowed traffic load would be affected by these restrictions.
Basic Weight – BW
Manufacturer’s Empty Weight plus standard items
Crew & Crew baggage weight
Weight of crews (cabin crew, cockpit crew and technical crew) and their hand carry baggage. Crew and crew baggage weight is specified in Ground Operational Manual of any airlines.
Example:
Catering/Pantry weight
Weight of removable service equipment for cabin, galley and bar, food and beverage, including liquor.
Flight Spares Weight
Aircraft spare parts can be substituted in the case of damage or other problems with the flight mode, reducing launch delays. Example: aircraft wheel, hydraulic oil and toolkits….
Dry Operating Weight - DOW
The Basic Weight plus crew and crew’s hand baggage, Pantry weight and Flight spare (if any).
This is the maximum permitted weight of the aircraft at which it may be moved, either using its engines or being pushed or towed by a tractor.
Maximum Design Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW)
This is the weight limit imposed to avoid undue stress on wing structure. The design strength of the wings limit the weight that may be loaded in the fuselage. The most critical bending load would occur, therefore , with no fuel in the wings and maximum weight in the fuselage.
Maximum Design Takeoff Weight (MTOW)
This is the maximum permitted weight at commencement of the takeoff run. The performance requirements laid down for takeoff are intended to ensure that a loaded aircraft will be able to follow a safe flight path out of an airfield. In designing the aircraft to meet those requirements, the maximum weight at takeoff is established for a specific set of atmospheric conditions and specific runway length, and the aircraft structure made strong enough to withstand loads which will be imposed at this weight.
Maximum Design Landing Weight (MLAW)
This is the maximum permitted weight at which the aircraft may land. The under-carriage is required to cushion the impact sufficiently at touch down so as to prevent excessive loads being transmitted into the aircraft structure.
Operational Weights
The maximum design weights of the aircraft would be limited by Operator for operational safety. Normally, the weights are limited due to following reasons:
- Runway length and slope.
- Airport altitude.
- Runway temperature.
- Wind speed and directions.
- Runway obstacles (trees, antenna, building…)
- Noise restriction regulations by Airport Authorities (Noise Abatement and Curfew Ordinance).
As a result, the allowed traffic load would be affected by these restrictions.
Basic Weight – BW
Manufacturer’s Empty Weight plus standard items
- Weight of the structure
- Power plant, furnishings and systems.
- Unusable fuel.
Crew & Crew baggage weight
Weight of crews (cabin crew, cockpit crew and technical crew) and their hand carry baggage. Crew and crew baggage weight is specified in Ground Operational Manual of any airlines.
Example:
Catering/Pantry weight
Weight of removable service equipment for cabin, galley and bar, food and beverage, including liquor.
Flight Spares Weight
Aircraft spare parts can be substituted in the case of damage or other problems with the flight mode, reducing launch delays. Example: aircraft wheel, hydraulic oil and toolkits….
Dry Operating Weight - DOW
The Basic Weight plus crew and crew’s hand baggage, Pantry weight and Flight spare (if any).
AIRCRAFT WEIGHT DEFINITIONS
Reviewed by Aviation Lesson
on
7:53 AM
Rating:
Reviewed by Aviation Lesson
on
7:53 AM
Rating:
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