LASER BEAM ILLUMINATION

General

Laser is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; this technique can produce a beam of light of such intensity that permanent damage to human tissue, in particular the retina of the eye, can be caused instantaneously, even at distances of over 10 km.

Pre-flight Preventive Measures

In order to minimize possibility to enter area with known laser activity and/or to avoid exposure to laser emissions flight crew should:

• Consult NOTAMs for location and operating times of laser activities and alternate routes should be considered;
• Consult aeronautical sources for permanent laser activities (theme parks, research facilities).

In-flight Procedures prior to Entering Airspace with Observed Laser

Targeting Activity

• All exterior lights (Commander's discretion) should be temporarily turned OFF and kept OFF until established on short final;
• Autopilot should be engaged;
• Pilot flying should stay on instruments to minimize the effects of a possible illumination;
• Dome lights should be turned ON;
• Sun shades on side windows shall be deployed.

In-flight Procedures during and after Laser Beam Illumination of the Cockpit

If a pilot is exposed to a bright light suspected to be a laser beam, the following steps are recommended to reduce the risk unless the specific action would compromise flight safety:

• Look away from the light source;
• Shield eyes from the light source;
• Transfer control of the aircraft to another pilot;
• Declare visual condition to other pilot;
• Switch over to instrument flight;
• Engage autopilot immediately;
• If possible manoeuvre or position the aircraft such that the laser beam no longer illuminates the flight deck;
• Assess visual function, e.g. by reading instruments or approach charts;
• Avoid rubbing eyes;
• Notify ATC of a suspected in-flight laser beam illumination;
• If necessary, declare an emergency.

Medical Examination following Suspected Laser Beam Illumination

A basic ocular examination should be performed on any person suspected of having been directly exposed to a laser beam to verify that no permanent damage has occurred and to confirm normal ocular health. Commander of the flight that was exposed to Laser Beam Illumination should file Journey Log Report in addition to Air Safety Report (ASR) to enable crew identification and their scheduling to medical examination. If laser beam did not directly affect some of flight crew members, these crew members may refuse medical examination using written statement in ASR.